Class VII | Science | Lesson
13. Motion and Time |CBSE Adda
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Question:1. What are the points that should be kept in mind
while choosing scale for drawing a graph?
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Answer: The
following points should be kept in mind while choosing most suitable scale
for drawing a graph:
(a)
The difference between the highest and the lowest values of each quantity.
(b)
The intermediate values of each quantity to mark the values on the graph.
(c)
To utilize the maximum part of the paper on which graph is to be drawn.
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Question: 2.What information we get from distance-time
graphs?
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Answer: Motion
of an object can be represented by its distance-time graphs. It gives
information about the nature of the motion of an object like uniform or
uniform motion
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Question:3. What is the difference between Distance and time?
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Answer: Distance : The distance covered by a moving object is the
actual length of the path followed by the object. Distance is
a scalar quantity. SI unit of distance is meter.
Displacement is the shortest distance covered by a moving object from the
point of reference (initial position of the body), in a specified direction.
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Question: 4.What are the different type of speed?
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Answer: Uniform Speed : An object is said to be moving with uniform speed if it covers
equal distances in equal intervals of time.
Non-uniform : An object is said to be moving with variable speed
or non-uniform speed if it covers equal distances in unequal intervals of
time or vice-versa.
Average
speed : When we travel in a vehicle the speed of the
vehicle changes from time to time depending upon the conditions existing on
the road. In such a situation, the speed is calculated by taking the ratio of
the total distance travelled by the vehicle to the total time taken for the
journey. This is called the average speed.
Instantaneous speed : When we say that the car travels at an average
speed of 60 km/h it does not mean that the car would be moving with the speed
of 60 km/h throughout the journey. The actual speed of the car may be less
than or greater than the average speed at a particular instant of time.
The speed of a moving body at any
particular instant of time is called instantaneous speed.
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Question:5. Explain how motion of a child on a see-saw is an
oscillatory motion.
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On
a see-saw child goes up and comes down from mean position and repeats itself
.So it is an example of oscillatory motion.
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Question: 6.What is the nature of distance-time graph for the
motion of an object moving with (i)a constant speed
(ii)Changing speed?
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Answer:
(i) straight line and (ii) curved line
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Question: 7. Explain, how in ancient times, a day, a month and a
year was measured.
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Answer: The
time between one sunrise and the next was called a day.
A
month was measured from one new moon to the next .
A
year was fixed as the time taken by the earth to complete one revolution of
the sun.
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Question:8. Classify the following as motion along a straight
line, circular or oscillatory motion:
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Answer:
(i) Motion of your hands while running. : - oscillatory motion
(ii) Motion of a horse pulling a cart on a straight road :- straight line motion (iii) Motion of a child in a merry-go-round. : - straight line motion (iv) Motion of a child on a see-saw. : - oscillatory motion (v) Motion of the hammer of an electric bell.- oscillatory motion (vi) Motion of a train on a straight bridge : - straight line motion |
Question:9. What
is velocity?
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Answer: Velocity can be defined as the rate of change of
displacement . SI unit of velocity is m/s
(meter/second Velocity is a vector quantity.
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Question:10.Which devices are used to measure time intervals?
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Answer: Clocks
and watches are used to measure time intervals.
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Question: 11. What is a bob?
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Answer: The
metallic ball of the simple pendulum is called the bob of the pendulum.
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Question:12. What are quartz clocks?
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Answer: Clocks
or watches which have an electric circuit with one or more cells are called
quartz clocks.
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Question:13. Define time period of a simple pendulum
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Answer: The
time taken by the simple pendulum to complete one oscillation is called its
time period.
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Question:14. What is the use of odometer in a vehicle?
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Answer: Odometer
is used in a vehicle to measure distance covered by the vehicle.
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Question: 15. What is the use of speedometer in a vehicle?
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Answer: The
speedometer of a vehicle measures the speed of the vehicle in km/h.
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Question:16. How do we know an object is moving faster
compared to another object?
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By
finding the distance travel by a moving body in unit time 1 hr or 1 sec
we know the speed of an object that help us to know which one is moving
faster i.e having grater speed.
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Question: 17. A simple pendulum takes 15 seconds to complete
5 oscillations. What is the time period of the pendulum?
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Answer: The
time taken by pendulum to complete 1 oscillation is called time period
The
time taken by pendulum to complete 5 oscillation = 15sec
The
time taken by pendulum to complete 1 oscillation = 15/5= 3 sec
So
time period = 3 sec
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Question:18. If a car is moving with a speed of 5 km/h on a
highway find the distance travelled by the car in 3 hours?
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Answer: We
know distance travelled by a body = speed X time
So, distance travelled by the car =5x3=15 km |
Question:.19. The distance between two stations is 240 km. A
train takes 6 hours to cover this distance. Calculate the speed of the
train.
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Answer: We
know distance travelled = speed X time
So, speed = distance / time Hence, speed of the car = 240 / 6 = 40 km / h |
Question:20. Sunil covers a distance of 2.4 km from her house
to reach her school on a bicycle. If the bicycle has a speed of 2 m/sec,
calculate the time taken by her to reach the school
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Answer: Total
distance traveled =2.4km=2.4x1000m=2400m. Speed is 2m/sec
As time = (Distance/speed) time=2400/2=1200sec. |
Question:21. A car is moving with speed 72 km/hr. Convert
this speed into metre/sec
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Answer: Given
speed is 72 km/hr
Speed
into metre /sec = [72 x 1000m]÷ [1x60x60sec]=20m/sec
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Question:22. A simple pendulum takes 30 seconds to complete 6
oscillations. What is the time period of the pendulum?
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Time
period= The time taken by a pendulum to complete 1 oscillation = 30/6= 5 secQuestion:23. A bus covers a distance from A to B
at 40 km/h and while returning it travels at 50 km/h. calculate the average
speed.
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Total
distance covered = (40 + 50) Km = 90 Km Total time taken = 2 hr
Average
speed = (total distance travelled)/(total time taken) = (90
km)/2hr = 45 km/hr = 45 [1000/3600]m/sec = 12.5 m/s
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Question: 24. A simple pendulum takes 32 s to complete 20
oscillations. What is the time period of the pendulum?
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Time
taken to complete 20 oscillations = 32 s
Time
period of the pendulum = Time taken to complete 1 oscillations =
32/20= 1.6s
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Question: 25. The distance between two stations is 240 km. A
train takes 4 hours to cover this distance. Calculate the speed of the train.
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Answer: The
distance between two stations = 240
km
Time taken by the train to cover that distance = 4 hours Speed of the train = 240/4 Km/h =60 km/h |
Question:26. The odometer of a car reads 57321.0 km when the
clock shows the time 08:30 AM. What is the distance moved by the car, if at
08:50 AM, the odometer reading has changed to 57336.0 km? Calculate the speed
of the car in km/min during this time. Express the speed in km/h also.
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Answer: Distance
traveled by the car = 57336.0 km - 57321.0 km = 15 Km
Time
taken by the car to cover distance = 08:50 AM -08:30 AM = 20
m=20/60hr= 1/3 /hr.
Speed
of the car in Km/h = 15 km÷1/3 = 15x3 = 45 Km/h
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Question: 27. Salma takes 15 minutes from her house to reach her
school on a bicycle. If the bicycle has a speed of 2 m/s, calculate the
distance between her house and the school.
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Answer:
Distance between her house and the school = Speed of bicycle X Time
taken
= 2 m/s x 15 X
60 s= 1800 m or 1.8 Km
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1. Speed of a body is the distance
travelled by the body in ---- second.
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Answer: One
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2. if a has different speeds at
different times we can calculate the ----------- speed
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Answer: Average
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3. Change of distance with time may be
represented by a distance -------------
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Answer: Time graph
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4. --------------- gives the speed of
the vehicle every instant in km/h
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Answer: Speedometer
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5. ---- measures the total distance
covered by the vehicle in meter.
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Answer: Odometer
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6. -------------- is a device
used for measuring wind speed.
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Answer: Anemometer
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7. -------------- is nothing but
speed in a definite direction
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Answer: Velocity
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8. ------ is the change of velocity in
one second.
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Answer: Acceleration
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9. The speed of a moving body at any
particular instant of time is called-------------
Answer: instantaneous speed.
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10. Straight line parallel to time axix
of distance-time graph express ----- the motion of an object.
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Answer: Constant
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